New sources of military change – armed forces as normal organizations

The literature on how European states have adapted to the post-cold war security environment ffocuses invariably on different understandings of military transformation, a process which is seen as inherently different from other forms of organizational change. However, as this paper argues, new management practices, going back to the introduction of so-called New Public Management (NPM) reforms throughout Europe in the 1980s, have eventually penetrated also the last bastion of the old state – the defense sector. Taking a critical approach to the idea of military transformation and existing theories of military change, the paper demonstrates how other international developments have pushed towards what may be seen as a “normalization” of Europe’s defense sectors. This has important implications for how we approach and understand change in contemporary defense organizations.     

中国走向现代化的文化转型

中国传统文化模式严重地制约着我国现代化的进程。只有通过深刻的文化启蒙，直接从普通民众安身立命的自在的文化根基入手，进行改造、批判和重建，才能实现我国传统文化的彻底转型。     

贯彻十七大精神,加速推进学院教育转型

军队学历教育院校深入贯彻十七大精神,落实军委、总部人才培养要求的一个重要方面,就是要加速推进教育转型。阐述了学历教育院校教育转型的必然性,挖掘了教育转型的内涵,提出了相应对策,对当前应重点解决的问题进行了初步探讨。     

基于二元语义群决策的油料供应站选址方法

针对油料供应站的选址决策问题，提出了一种基于二元语义群决策的选址方法。构建了油料供应站选址指标体系，在简要介绍二元语义概念的基础上，给出了基于二元语义群决策的油料供应站选址步骤，通过该方法可以得到以二元语义形式给出的油料供应站评价值。并通过实例说明了该选址方法的有效性。     

作战仿真数据集成框架研究及实现

作战仿真数据的集成与整合是我军数据工程建设项目的重要内容.以ETL及消息中间件(MOM)技术为基础,设计了一种基于消息中间件的抽取、转换、传输与加载(ETTL)的作战仿真数据集成框架.分析了系统结构模型及各模块相互关系,提出了一个可行的数据集成解决方案.介绍了一个分布式数据集成系统平台的设计与实现,并结合一个数据集成实例详细阐述了该系统在我军军事演习中的应用.     

基于指控交互信息用户语境的语义Web服务发现和组合

在军事指挥控制模拟训练系统和训练装备研究领域,指控系统与仿真系统的开发是相对的,遵循不同的标准和协议,在结构和功能上存在很大的差异。通过建立指控交互信息的语义Web服务概念参考模型,提出指控系统与仿真系统互操作性面临的技术需求,研究基于指控交互信息用户语境的语义Web服务发现和服务组合,提出了基于静态与动态用户语境匹配的语义Web服务发现架构和服务匹配算法,以及基于用户语境的语义Web服务组合算法。     

The continuing resonance of the war as risk management perspective for understanding military interventions

In the late 1990s and 2000s, a slew of books and journal articles proposed that a nexus between risk management and warfare was emerging. This article argues that risk management ideas continue to shape recent campaigns against Libya, Islamic State, Syria, and the war on terror from Niger, Yemen to Somalia. It uses existing literature on risk and warfare to examine four key aspects of contemporary interventions. First, the article evaluates the overall strategic context as security concerns shift from terrorism toward renewed great power competition. Second, it re-assesses the risk calculus for military action through the language and grammar of risk invoked by politicians. Third and fourth, it addresses the continuing reliance on air power and the managerial ethos of military operations as important features of war as risk management.     

Quantitative monitoring of military transformation in the period 1992–2010: Do the protagonists of transformation really change more than other countries?

Military transformation is a complex, slow, asymmetric, changeable, political, and not necessarily completely rational process that clearly needs an effective monitoring mechanism. This paper fills a gap in current literature by creating and testing a model for multi-dimensional and multi-level quantitative monitoring of military transformation applicable in any country. The model is based on 10 transformation indicators that reflect changes in organizational structure, personnel structure, weapon systems, and defense spending. Its application on a sample of seven countries (USA, United Kingdom, France, Netherlands, Poland, Russia, and China) in the period from 1992 to 2010 unexpectedly shows that the USA – a protagonist in the transformation process among allies as well as globally – has carried out the smallest relative change. The non-directed transformation index indicates that Russia carried out 51.8% more change (or 34.1 index units), and the directed index indicates that Poland carried out 157.2% (or 40.8 index units) more change than the USA.     

一种新的足球视频语义镜头表示及事件查询框架

提出了一个足球视频中的语义镜头表示及事件查询框架.在这个框架中,定义了不同的语义镜头,并且每类语义镜头都可以由五个特征属性所刻画.在语义镜头定义的基础上,为了弥补传统的事件查询方式的不足,提出了一种用户定义事件的查询方式,它是一种基于语义镜头合成Petri网表示模型的查询方式,可以由用户自由定义所感兴趣的事件Petri网表示结构,实验证明该查询方式能有效提高查询效率,并有很大的灵活性,能适应不同广播公司的转播规则,但该查询方式需要用户具有一定的专业和领域知识.实验数据来源于2006年德国世界杯、英格兰足球超级联赛和西班牙足球甲级联赛.     

The military as a learning organisation: establishing the fundamentals of best-practice in lessons-learned

The post-Cold War era has witnessed the rapid expansion of organisational learning initiatives within NATO militaries, especially formal “lessons-learned” processes. The effectiveness of national lessons-learned processes in recalibrating military activity to the demands of ongoing operations has been highly-differentiated. However, the academic literature on military change and practitioner guidance has been slow to investigate the key features of best-practice in military learning. This article breaks new ground by drawing upon the literature on dynamic organisational capabilities to explore the fundamental organisational processes and activities which are necessary to implement successful lessons-learned. It examines, in particular, the organisational features which facilitate “knowledge transformation”: the effective combination of new knowledge gained from intra- and inter-organisational learning with existing organisational knowledge. The article concludes by highlighting several potential future empirical and theoretical research agendas in military learning and the importance of engagement between lessons-learned practitioners and organisational learning scholars.